Tuesday, December 27, 2016

SAP BW Modelling Sample Notes

options in chars:

1.general-data type/length

lower case letters--by defualt bw dosnot allow lower case
display---------key/text
calyear/month
01/98-------------jan98--text
key and text

authorization relevant---
sales org----roles
1000  x
2000  y
3000  z

x---1000
y---2000
z---3000

ss-----------sap bw---tdata/mdata---time depndt and indepndt

time depndt data----if the data over a period of time keeps on changing---eid/dsg---/
time indepndt------if it is constant---time indpndt--eid/enm

mdata-------attr/text/hier
 attr---Display attr/Navigational attr
sap/customer
sap---------/bi0/
customer----/bic/


P---/BIC/PZSN_EID--------TIME INDEPNDT ATTR DATA TABLE
Q---/BIC/QZSN_EID------------TIME DEPNDT ATTR DATA TABLE
X----/BIC/XZSN_EID----TIME INDEPNDT SID TABLE NAVIGATIONAL ATTR
Y----/BIC/YZSN_EID-----TIME DEPNDT SID TABLE FOR NAV ATTR
M---/BIC/MZSN_EID------VIEW OF ALL MDATA TABLES
S----/BIC/SZSN_EID-----SID TABLE OF CHAR
T----/BIC/TZSN_EID-----TEXT TABLE


HIERARCHY:
WITH HIER-------TO MAINTAIN HIER STRU

H/I/J/K-HIERACHIES
ATTRIBUTES:ADDTIONAL COLUMNS/INFORMATION
EID--ENM/ADD/DSG---ATTRIBUTES OF EID
PID//PNM/PGRP-----ATTR OF PID


TYPES OF ATTRIBUTES:

DISPLAY ATTR:
NAVIGATIONAL ATTR
TRANSITIVE ATTR
COMPOUNDING ATTR


DRILL DOWN//DRILL ACROSS/RESTRICTION
RESTRICTION:CONTROLING THE OUPUT OF THE QUERY
 COUNTRY------US/CA/GER/IND-----------US/IND
DRILL DOWN:-----MORE DETAILED DATA--ROW WISE DATA
 COUNTRY---REGION----ORG---EMPOLOYEE---




DRILL ACROSS------------COLUMN WISE COMPARSON
CALYERAMONTH-----------JAN98/FEB98/MAR98/APR98--------

ON DISPLAY ATTR---NOT POSIBLE---DISPLAY PURPOSE

NAVIGATIONAL ATTR----POSSIBEL--DRILL DOWN/ACROSS/RESTRCION


TO DESIGN DISPALY ATTR
EID------ENM/ADD/DSG
NAVIGATIONAL ATTR:
PID//PGRP---NAV ATTR


PID-----------
NAVIGATIO0NAL ATTR-------ATTR-TRANSITIVE ATTR
SREG-----SORG(NAV ATTR)----ATTR---SALES MGR(TRANSTIVE ATTR)

COMPOUNDING ATTR---SUPERIOR INFOBJCT

master data /tdata loading

Data loading:
ss-----sap bw-----tdata/mdata
tdata--the data keeps on changing
mdata----the data which is constant---char data---attr/text/hier


data loading---------2 differnt methods for data loading--
   1.Direct update----master data loading--attr/text/hier
   2.Flexible update---tdata loading///mdata---attr/text only


Data flow---direct update

ss(ds)---ts---psa---tr---cs--dt(char---attr--p/q/x/y///text---t///hier---h/i/j/k)

ss----source sys----file sys
ds---data source-----stru of the data in the ss
ts--transfer stru------ds is copied to bw sys(ss)
psa---persistence staging area------temporary storage---data cleansing
cs---commn stru---stru of bw sys--
tr----mapping of ts columns with cs columns



ext star schema--------ft--dt---sid--mdata

many dim--emp dim//prd dim/mat dim

dim---chars---emp dim--emp char(sid)-----emp master----emp master///prd master//mat master/vendor master

emp master---attr/text/hier

steps for data loading

1.create application component(ac)
 2.create infosource(is)
  3.assign data source(ds--ss)
   4.create info package(ipack)



application component----ss---loading the data---applications---sd/mm/pp/qm
  sd--tdata/mdata----all the data loads related to an applicationr manageble by using an application component

sd----sd_ac///mm------mm_ac/////pp-------pp_ac
  mm---tdata/mdata



infosource:-----direct update///flexible update

data source----type of ss----file/sap/db

infopackage----ss-24/7----bdata--ss----------hourly/daily/weekly/monthly-------

using info package we can go for data loads at regular intervals


ac/is/ds/ip
emp master data--attr/text/hier

EXCEL--CRATE AN EXCEL--DUMMY RECORDS---EXCEL STRU
DS===TS
TS---FILLED BY THE SYS--DIRECT UPDATE--COPY TS--CREATE EXCEL





CSV---/ASCII


Master data text loading


eid----attr data
eid---text data loading


ss(ds)--ts---psa---tr---cs---dt(mdata--text---t table)


ac/is/ds/ip

ac---use existing ac---sd---ac_sd
is----direct update---attr/text/hier
ds---file type----attr/text/hier ds


activate text data source

ip-----

text---language+description of char

eid
100/200/300/400-----------description+lu



EMPLOYEE-----HIERACHY DATA LOADING




    0)US_EMP_HIER(ROOTNODE)
   1)CENTRAL      8)WESTREN REGION
  2)A  5)B    9) D  12)E
  3)100   4)200    6)300 7)400  10)500 11)600 13)700 14)800





EID--------HIERARCHY-----------SREGION/SORGANIZATION--EXTERNAL CHARS OF HIER
1.MAINTAIN EXTERNAL CHARS OF HIER---
2.NODE IDS//PARENT NODE(UPPER LEVEL) AND CHILD NODE(LOWER LEVEL)
3.NODEIDS ---START FROM LEFT FINISH TO UR RIGHT

AC/IS/DS/IP---HIERARCHY DATA SOURCE:


TRANSACTION DATA LOADING:

SYS---------------TDATA---ODS---INFOCUBE(MDIM STR)


ODS--?
INFOCUBE--?

SS------NEW INSERTED---DW
 MODIFIED-----UPDATED DW
 CANCLED----EFFECT-- TO THE DW----DATA CONSOLIDATION---ODS

 INFOCUBE---MDIM REPORTING


INFO CUBE/ODS---?



INFO CUBE:?
EXT STAR SCHEMA----FACT TABLE---DIM TABLE---SID--MDATA

FACT TABLE--KEY FIG--MAX 233 KEY FIGURES
DIM TABLE--CHARS(SID)---248

MAX--16 DIMENSIONS--3 SYS---TIME/UNIT/DATA PACK
MIN--4 DIMENSIONS---3(SYS)+1(USER)



TYPES OF INFO CUBES:

BASIC CUBE-----BW SYS-----ACTUALS DATA(HISTORICAL DATA)---READ PERFORMANCE --MANY USERS CAN READ THE DATA PARALLY//BUT ONLY ONE USER CAN WRITE THE DATA PARALLY----DATA+STRU BOTH R IN BW SYS


TRANSACTIONAL///RELA TIME INFO CUBE----PLANG DATA--SALES PLANG/COST PLANG---READ AND WRITE OPTIMIZED---MANY READ AND WRITES PARALLAY


REMOTE CUBE://VIRUAL PROVIDER---ONLY STRU IS MANTAINED---BUT DATA IS THR IN SS ITSELF---REPORT ALWAYS WE DO GET DATA FROM SOURCE
ONLY STRU IN BW  SYS///DATA IS IN SOURCE SYS

Database table---related to info cube

fact table---/bic/f(ictechname)///e fact table---/bic/e(zsn_ic)

dim tables------/bic/d(ictechanme)1/2/3/4/5--9/a/b/c/d
system dim----/bic/d(ictechname)t/u/p


star schema----list schema


ods---operational data store:

ods----------2dim object--table---3 diffrent tables

ods---data consolidation

icube--mdim stru---
note:if directly data is loaded to info cube---thr is a chance of duplicate reocrds

ods---------duplicates r overwritten---data consolidation
ods-----data is divided interms-----key fields/data fileds


key fileds---------primary key in a tagble---uniquein nature---doc no/itm no/scl itm no/order no--max -16 key fileds///always ur key fild is char
Data fileds:key figures--data filds///char--not key fields can be a data fileds



3 diffrent table:
1.New data table(activation queue)
2.active data table
3.change log table......


1.New data table:

ss---------ods---inserted to new data table---all reocrds---new/modified records/duplicates
this data is not avialble for reporting


2.active data table:
after loading data to ods--activate ods data---data is consolidation
new--insetred to active data table
modified---updated to adt
duplicate---overwritten


ss

docno/eid//sales
1 100 1000(old reocrs---before image)
2 200 1500


ods---ndt--activate---new---inserted to adt/cahnge log table


docno eid sales
3 300 1400
1 100 1600(after image--modifed reord)


ods---ndt---2inserted--activate-----before image is replaced after image

active data table

docno eid sales
1 100 1600
2 200 1500
3 300 1400


duplicate --overwrite
bi replaced by after image



cahnge log table:in the cahnge log table sys mantains before image/after image---evry change is maintaine

all the reocrd r maintained in change log table---images----0recordmode

N-=-----NEW IMAGE
X--BEFORE IMAGE---OLD RECORD
" " --AFTER IMAGE
D---DELTED IAMGES
R---REVERSE IMAGE


3.X----2 TYPES OF ODS--STANDARD/TRANSACTIONAL
IN 7.0---3 TYPES OF DSO--STD////DIRECT UPDATE DSO///WRITE-OPTIMIZED DSO


CREATION OF ODS:-----WHILE ACTIVATING ODS THE DATA MART(8ODSTECHNAME) IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED

DATA FLOW IN CASE OF FLEXIBLE UPDATE

SS(DS)--TS--PSA--TR--CS--DT(CHAR--ATTR/TEXT/HIER)--DIRECT UPDATE


SS(DS)---TS--PSA--TR--CS--UR--DT(ODS/ICUBE)

UPDATE RULES:SIMILAR TO TR--USING UR WE CAN MAP CS OBJECTS WITH DATA TARGET

TYPES OPF UPDATE RULES

1.INFOOBJECT
2.CONSTANT
3.ROUTINE
4.FORMULA
5.INITL VALUE
6.READ MASTER DATA ATTR
7.TIME DISTRIBUTION


Data loading to ods:

IMAGES---0RECORD MODE---STAUS COLUMNS


APPLICATION COMPONENT---EXSITING ONE
 INFOSOURCE--FLEXIBLE
  DATA SOURCE----FILETYPE(CREATE UPDATE RULES--TARGET)
   INFO PACKAGE


LOADING ODS DATA TO INFO CUBE:

ODS-------------------INFOCUBE


3 KINDS OF UPDATES:
1.FULL UPDATE
2.INTILIZATION
3.DELTA UPDATE


FULL LOAD-----ALL THE DATA IS LOADED TO BW SYS--10000000

INITLIZATION---DS CAN IDENTIFY DELTA RECORDS----

 2 KINDS OF INITLIZATION
  INTILIZE WITHOUT DATA TRANSFER:ONLY INITLIZATION
  INITLIZE WITH DATA TRANSFER-------FULL+INIT

DELTA LOADS-----------NEW/MODIFED---CHANGE


ODS TO INFO CUBE---IF IT IS FULL OR INIT IC GETS DATA FROM ACTIVE DATA TABLE
   IF IT IS DELTAS IC GETS DATA FROM CHANGE LOG TABLE(BI+AI)



ODS-----UPDATE RULES-------ICUBE

1.CREATE UPDATE RULES
2.LOAD DATA TO IC FROM ODS



Business content:set of pre configured objects by sap----0

ss(ds)--ts--psa--tr--cs--ur--dt---queries/workbooks/web templates/roles

application requiremnets------logistics/accounting//hr
industry----------------pharma/consumer/oil and gas
country re--------


there r 3 diffrent versions---business content

Deliverd version---by sap
the deliverd object must be insatalled------active vesrion

modify ---modifed version

object types in business content


COLLECT---INSTALL THEM

0SD_C01-=-----------INFO AREA/INFO OBJECTS


GROUPING-----------GATHERING THE REQUIRED OBJECTS

1.Only neccessary objects:the mandatory objects---to install any bi object
 ex----0sd_c01----ia/info objetcs

2.indata flow before:here sys groups those object that provide data to instaling object
ss(ds)--ts--psa--tr--cs--ur--dt---queries/workbooks/web templates/roles


3.indataflow afterwards---here sys groups those objects that gets data from instaling object

4.indataflow before and after wards---the entire data flow is installed


install---------------------activation

1.install------------------the activation is in dailog mode
2.install in background---here the activation takes place as a background job---sm37
3.install and tarnsport:apart from activation of the objects if u want totransport use this option
dev/testing/production


collection mode:this is regarding depndent object collection----if u want to collect the depndt objects by the sys use automatic collection////manual collection

attr-----------chars

install------------------actiavted 

Match or copy--------------------

info objects--------0emp id////0prd id----
empid
prd id-------active and modified version


0sd_c01----------------------instaling--info area//info objects------------------0empid///0prd id


0emp id/0prd id----------match or copy----to keep ur active or modifed version objects use this match or copy



how to install an object from business content:

rsorbct

0sd
0pur
0pp
0mm

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